Theni district
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Theni district | ||
---|---|---|
Precipitation 833.5 millimetres (32.81 in) | | |
Avg. summer temperature | 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) | |
Avg. winter temperature | 15 °C (59 °F) | |
Website |
Theni District is one of the 38 districts of
History
Theni District was formed by the bifurcation from the former
The region covered by present-day Theni District was sparsely populated before the 1900s. In 1886 Mullaperiyar dam project bought some part of the water from Periyar River downhill to the Cumbum Valley and merged it into the Mullayar River. This project helped more people to settle down in Cumbum Valley. Also to be noted that Theni was itself was a small though lesser-known town by the 1900s. After the Mullai-Periyar merger project, many people from nearby arid regions (Sivakasi, Kovilpatti, Virudhunagar, Sattur and several nearby towns) settled in Cumbum Valley (present day Theni District). So there was influx of people by the 1890s to 1920s. Bodi and Periyakulam were famous places at that time. Later Theni developed rapidly due to commerce.
Geography
The 2,889 km2 (1,115 sq mi) district lies at the foot of the
It is diversified by several ranges and hills. Many villages likes Sangakonampatti are depends only on agricultural incomes. A range of hills which runs parallel to Western Ghats from north to south separate it from the neighboring state of Kerala.[8]
Climate
In the plains, the temperatures range from a minimum of 15 °C (59 °F) to a maximum of 40 °C (104 °F).[citation needed] In the hills the temperatures can range from as low as 4–5 °C (39–41 °F) to 25 °C (77 °F). The district is known for its salubrious climate, hills and lakes.[citation needed]
Rivers and dams
The
Politics
District | No. | Constituency | Name | Party | Alliance | Remarks | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Theni | 198 | Andipatti
|
A. Maharajan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | |||
199 | Periyakulam (SC)
|
K. S. Saravana Kumar
|
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA | ||||
200 | Bodinayakanur
|
O. Panneerselvam | ADMKTUMK | NDA | ||||
201 | Cumbum
|
N. Eramakrishnan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | SPA |
Economy
The economy of Theni district is mostly agricultural. Utilisation of land area for cultivation in the district is 40.33%.
even though this place is economically good.Cotton Spinning Mills and Sugar Mills are the major industries in this district. In Andipatti Taluk Handloom weaving and power looms are flourishing. In Uthamapalayam Taluk, the Highwavis Estate produces an important amount of Tea.
The Periyar and Surliar Hydro Power Stations and the Vaigai Micro Hydro Power Station have 181 MW installed capacity and actual power generation of 494 MW in 1996 in this district.
Forest resources
The forest area in Theni district is about 33.70%. There are 27 forest areas in the district, constituting a total area of 795.81 km2 (307.26 sq mi). Of these, 19 areas fall under the
There has been no conservation of biological resources in the district. The information of wild life census in Theni district is yet to be made available.[6]
Demographics
According to 2011 census, Theni district had a population of 1,245,899 with a sex-ratio of 991 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. 53.81% of the population lived in urban areas.[18] A total of 119,661 were under the age of six, constituting 61,873 males and 57,788 females. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 20.72% and 0.15% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district was 69.84%, compared to the national average of 72.99%.[18] The district had a total of 338,112 households. There were a total of 591,642 workers, comprising 36,371 cultivators, 275,585 main agricultural labourers, 12,714 in house hold industries, 205,921 other workers, 61,051 marginal workers, 1,996 marginal cultivators, 39,576 marginal agricultural labourers, 2,225 marginal workers in household industries and 17,254 other marginal workers.[19]
At the time of the 2011 census, 79.04% of the population spoke Tamil, 12.75% Telugu and 7.86% Kannada as their first language.[20]
Places of interest
- Kolukku Malai (~64 31km from Theni)
- Vaigai Dam (~16 km from Theni)
- Suruli falls(~48 km from Theni)
- Manjalar Dam(~33 km from Theni)
- Meghamalai Hill (~60 km from Theni)
- Peyathevar Canal Hill (~50 km from Theni)
- Bodi Mettu Hill (~41 km from Theni)
- Kumbakarai Falls(~28 km from Theni)
- Sothuparai Dam (~26 km from Theni)
- Shanmuganathi Dam (~39 km from Theni)
- Chinna Suruli falls (~1 km from Theni)
- Ramakkal Mettu(~3 km from Theni)
- Kurankani (~ 31km from Theni)
- HighWavys (~56 km from Theni)
- T.Rajagopalanpatty (~1 km from Theni)
Festivals
- The Karuppaswamy festival celebration at Anaipatti.
- Arilmigu Krishnan Kovil Thiruvizha in Purattasi thingal at Lakshmipuram (Jangal Patti Panchayat).
- B.Ammapatti, Kaliamman kovil is the famous god to solve problems and has a great festival on 1 April.
- The Ramzan Peru naal Thozhuhai at Periyakulam,[22] Uthamapalayam, Cumbum, Devadhanapatti, Gudalur, Kottur, Bodinayakanur, Chinnamanur, Batalagundu in Theni. Mariyamman Temple Festival also famous.
- The celebration of "Gowmariyamman Temple" festival at Veerapandi and Cumbum during the month of May.
- Shri Bathirakaliyamman Chiththirai Thiruvizha Festival at Bathirakalipuram and visuvasapuram near Bodi.
- Shri Veerappa Ayyanar Festival during Chiththirai Thiruvizha at Theni-Allinagaram.
- Kamatchi Amman festival at Devadanapatti and Suyambu Saneeswara Bagavan and the month of Aadi every friday celebration on Temple festival at Kuchanur.
- Apart from Pongal celebrations in other areas, the birthday of John Pennycuick who built the MullaiPeriyar Dam is celebrated in Surulipatty[23] and other places.
- Theni district is known for its celebration of Pongal, which is considered to be one of the most important festivals of Tamil Nadu. Pallavarayanpatti, Ayyampatti and Pudupatti is known for its Jallikattu during the Pongal festival.[24]
- Another important festival is Gudalur during the month of May.[25]
- Other important festivals of the region are festivals of Masi Maham and Ekadasi.[26]
- Christmas and New Year are celebrated in Anaimalayanpatty.[citation needed]
- Vaigai riverat Ambasamudram & Govinda Nagaram.
- Pankuni Thiruvizha in Gandamanur.
- Arulmigu Pattalamman, Kaliyamman, Karuppasamy temple festival in Kattunaickenpatty
- Uppukottai Varatharaja Perumal Kovil.
- Our Lady of Snow's Church festival celebration at Royappanpatti in the month of August.[27]
- Holy spirit church in Hanumanthanpatti, they celebrate St. Xavier festival on 2 December every year.[28]
- Manthaiyamman temple festival is celebrated in Gudalur(Melagudalur) of Theni district.
- Srinivasaka Perumal Kovil temple festival is celebrated in Silamalai(Bodi Taluk) of Theni district.
- Thai Poosam Festival at Shanmuganathar Temple at Kamayagoundanpatti.[29]Siddar Sri Guru Boga Eswara Ananda Swami had visited this Temple during Thai Poosam Festival.
Forestry
Theni is the orchid of Tamil Nadu. It has numerous green lands like the Western Ghats stretching from Kodaikanal to Kumily via Periyakulam. Theni District has the Western Ghats as its Western Boundary.[30] Theni District has many tourist spots like Kumbakarai Falls, Sothuparai Dam, Vaigai Dam, Manjalaaru Dam, Kurathi Falls, which are originating from the Western Gahats. Theni District is having the other tourist attractive places like Veerapandi Gowmariyamman temple, Surulipatti kailasanaathar temple, Anumanthampatti Hanuman kovil, Periyakulam Balasubramanian Periya kovil.[31]
Tamil Movies based on Theni District
Some of the Famous Cinema Directors, music directors and Actors hail from Theni District. Many movies were shot here. The titles of some of the famous Movies are: "Pithamagan", "Avan-ivan", "Sundarapandiyan", "Veeralaksumi", "Varuthapadatha Vaalibar Sangam", "Naan kadavul". These Movies were mostly directed by Director Bala.[32]
Notable people
For people from Theni town itself, see Theni, these are people from the surrounding area
- Gangai Amaran - music composer, singer, lyricist, writer, film director and actor, born in Pannaipuram
- Bala - director, screenwriter, producer
- Bharathiraja - movie director, screenwriter, producer, actor
- Dhanush - film actor, director, screenwriter, lyricist, singer
- N. Eramakrishnan MLA, Cumbum
- Tarun Gopi - actor, film director, script writer
- Ilaiyaraaja - music director, singer, songwriter, instrumentalist, orchestrator, conductor-arranger and lyricist
- Raj Kapoor - director, actor
- Theni Kunjarammal - actor, singer, folk performer / singer
- N. Lingusamy - film director, screenwriter
- Marimuthu - actor
- R. Muthuraman - actor
- O. Panneerselvam - former Chief Minister, Deputy CM and Finance Minister of Tamil Nadu State
- Singam Puli - actor, comedian, film director, script writer
- P. T. Rajan - former CM of Madras state
- Suruli Rajan - actor, comedian
- Rajashekar - actor
- P. Ravindhranath - Member of parliament
- Selvaraghavan - film director, lyricist, screenwriter
- Sendrayan - actor
- Vairamuthu - Tamil poet, lyricist, author
See also
References
- ^ "District Census Handbook - Theni" (PDF). Retrieved 13 July 2019.
- ^ "Taluks of Tamil Nadu". Retrieved 13 July 2019.
- ^ "District Collectors of Tamil Nadu". Retrieved 13 July 2019.
- ^ "Theni District". Theni District. 28 December 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
- ^ "2011 Warsaw of Poland" (Excel). Indian government. 16 April 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f National Environmental Information System (India). "Environment Profile for Theni district" (PDF). ENVIS. pp. 1–29. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
- ^ M. Subramani. "History of Theni District". thenitimes.sitesled.com. pp. history p1/2. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
- ^ a b M.Subramani. "History of Theni District". thenitimes.sitesled.com. pp. history p2/2. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
- ^ "Shanmuganathi Dam, Theni | Timings, How to Reach | Holidify". www.holidify.com. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Here's full list of winners". CNBCTV18. 3 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ "Tamil Nadu Election Results 2021: Full list of winners". www.indiatvnews.com. 2 May 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
- ^ Collectorate staff (2006–2007). "District Profile Theni District" (PDF). District Collectorate, Theni. pp. 1–15. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
- ^ Collectorate staff (2006–2007). "District Statistical Handbook 2006-2007 Theni District" (PDF). District Collectorate, Theni. pp. 1–47. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
- ^ Sundar, S. (4 June 2023). "After decades of wait, Theni district to get first train to Chennai". The Hindu.
- ^ "Train services from Bodinayakkanur resume after 13 years". The Hindu. 15 June 2023.
- ^ Geomatics (2019). TamilNadu State of Forest Report (PDF). TamilNadu Forest Department. p. Table 3. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
- ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Tamil Nadu". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ a b "Census Info 2011 Final population totals". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ "Census Info 2011 Final population totals - Theni district". Office of The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Tamil Nadu". Census of India. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
- ^ http://www.theni.nic.in/tourism.html [bare URL]
- ^ "Ramjan Festival".
- ^ Kandaswamy, Deepa (27 August 2016). "John Pennycuick: The man who built the Mullaiperiyar dam". mint. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ Tamil Nadu Holds Bull-Taming Sport Jallikattu In Madurai, retrieved 7 February 2023
- ^ "Mangala Devi Kannagi Temple | Theni District | India". Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ "Kamatchi Amman Temple Devadanapatti".
- , retrieved 7 February 2023
- ^ "Holy Spirit Church: Hanumanthampatti – Archdiocese of Madurai". Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ "Thaipoosam - Tamilnadu Tourism Travels". www.tamilnadutourism.com. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ "Western Ghats | Mountains, Definition, & Description | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ "10 BEST Places to Visit in Theni - UPDATED 2023 (with Photos & Reviews)". Tripadvisor. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
- ^ "The Tamil Directors Proved Their Distinctiveness in Their First Film – FilmiBeat". www.filmibeat.com. 30 January 2023. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 13 May 2023.