Travancore–Cochin
United State of Travancore and Cochin (1949–1950) State of Travancore–Cochin (1950–1956) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1949–1956 | |||||||||||||
Malayalam, Tamil | |||||||||||||
Government | State | ||||||||||||
Rajpramukh | |||||||||||||
• 1949–1956 | Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma | ||||||||||||
Parur T. K. Narayana Pillai | |||||||||||||
• 1951–1952 | C. Kesavan | ||||||||||||
• 1952–1954 | A. J. John | ||||||||||||
• 1954–1955 | Pattom A. Thanu Pillai | ||||||||||||
• 1955–1956 | Panampilly Govinda Menon | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Established | 1949 | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1956 | ||||||||||||
Currency | Indian rupee | ||||||||||||
|
Travancore–Cochin, officially the United State of Travancore and Cochin and later the State of Travancore–Cochin, was a short-lived
The five
History
The ruler of Travancore was appointed as the
Under State Reorganisation Act of 1956, the four southern taluks of Travancore, namely
Merger of Kanyakumari with Madras State
In the working committee meeting of Tamilian congress at Eraviputhur on 30 June 1946, the name of the political party was changed to Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress (T.T.N.C). T.T.N.C was popular among the Tamils living in Thovalai and Agateeswaram Taluks. Mr. Ma. Po. Sivagnanam (
In 1950, a meeting was held at Palayamkottai to make compromises between state congress and T.T.N.C. The meeting met with failure and Mr. Sam Nathaniel resigned from the post of president of T.T.N.C Mr. P. Ramasamy Pillai, a strong follower of Mr. A. Nesamony was elected as the New President.[8] The first general election of Independent India was held on 1952. T.T.N.C won 8 legislative assembly seats. Mr. A. Chidambaranathan became the minister on behalf of T.T.N.C in the coalition state government formed by the Congress. In the parliamentary Constituency Mr. A. Nesamony was elected as M.P. and in the Rajyasabha seat. Mr. A. Abdul Razak was elected as M.P. on behalf of T.T.N.C.[8] In due course, accusing the Congress government for not showing enough care the struggle of the Tamils, T.T.N.C had broken away from the coalition and the Congress government lost the majority. So fresh elections were announced. In 1954 elections, T.T.N.C gained victory in 12 constituencies.[8] Pattom Thanu Pillai was the chief minister for Thiru - Kochi legislative assembly. He engaged hard measures against the agitations of Tamils. Especially the Tamils at Devikulam -Peermade regions went through the atrocities of Travancore Police force. Condemning the attitude of the police, T.T.N.C leaders from Nagercoil went to Munnar and participated in agitations against the prohibitive orders. The leaders were arrested and an uncalm atmosphere prevailed in South Travancore.[10]
On 11 August, Liberation Day celebrations were held at many places in South Travancore. Public meetings and processions were organised. Communists also collaborated with the agitation programmes. Police opened fire at the processions in Thoduvetty (Martandam) and Puthukadai. Nine Tamil volunteers were killed and thousands of T.T.N.C and communist sympathizers were arrested in various parts of Tamil main land. At the end, Pattom Thanu Pillai's ministry was toppled and normalcy returned to the Tamil regions.
Retainment of Devikulam and Peerumedu Taluks in Kerala
Apart from
Prime Ministers
Prime Minister | Took office | Left office | Term | Party | Region came from | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Paravoor T. K. Narayana Pillai | 1 July 1949 | 26 January 1950 | 1 | Indian National Congress | Travancore |
Chief Ministers
Chief Minister | Took office | Left office | Term | Party | Region came from | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Paravoor T. K. Narayana Pillai | 26 January 1950 | 28 February 1951 | 1 | Indian National Congress | Travancore | |
2 | C. Kesavan | 28 February 1951 | 12 March 1952 | 1 | Indian National Congress | Travancore | |
3 | A. J. John, Anaparambil
|
12 March 1952 | 16 March 1954 | 1 | Indian National Congress | Travancore | |
4 | Pattom A. Thanu Pillai | 16 March 1954 | 10 February 1955 | 1 | Praja Socialist Party | Travancore | |
5 | Panampilly Govinda Menon | 10 February 1955 | 23 March 1956 | 1 | Indian National Congress | Cochin | |
President's rule | 23 March 1956 | 5 April 1957 |
Subdivisions
The state had 4 districts which were divided into 36
District | Taluks
|
---|---|
Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram, Nedumangad, Chirayinkeezhu
|
Kollam | |
Kottayam | |
Thrissur | Chittur
|
References
- ^ a b "The States Reorganisation Act, 1956" (PDF). legislative.gov.in. Government of India.
- ^ A. J. John, Anaparambil Archived 1 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Glimpses of a historic moment". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 11 January 2015.
- ^ Report on the Census of Travancore (1881) (PDF). Thiruvananthapuram: Government of India. 1884. pp. 135, 258.
- ^ V. S. Sathianesan - Tamil Separatism in Travancore
- ^ R. Isaac Jeyadhas - Kanyakumari District and Indian Independence Struggle (Tamil)
- ^ a b D. Daniel - Travancore Tamils: Struggle for Identity.
- ^ a b c d B. Yogeeswaran - History of Travancore Tamil Struggle (Tamil)
- ^ a b c D. Peter - Malayali Dominance and Tamil Liberation (Tamil)
- ^ R. Kuppusamy - Historical foot prints of a True War (Tamil)
- ^ B. Mariya John - Linguistic Reorganisation of Madras Presidenty
- ^ a b c d e f g Ayyappan, R (31 October 2020). "Why did Kerala surrender Kanyakumari without a fight?". Onmanorama. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ^ K. M. Mathew, ed. (2006). Manorama Year Book. Malayala Manorama. p. 116.
Further reading
- U. Sivaraman Nair (1955). Travancore-Cochin Language Handbook (1951) (PDF). Travancore-Cochin Government Press.