Underwater warfare
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Underwater warfare, also known as undersea warfare
- Actions by surface ships; combat airplanes and helicopters may also be engaged when launching special dive-bombs and torpedo-missilesagainst submarines;
- Underwater special operations, considering:
- Military diving sabotage against ships and ports.
- Anti-frogman techniques.
- Reconnaissance tasks.
History
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In the 20th century underwater warfare was dominated by the submarine. They first came to prevalence during the First World War, when German U-boats attacked and sank many allied vessels, such as the sinking of the Lusitania in 1917. A similar scenario occurred during the Second World War, when German U-boats launched a prolonged campaign against Allied shipping, especially in the mid-Atlantic. Japanese submarines also played a minimal role on the Pacific front, and American submarines sank a total of 5.3 million tons of Axis shipping throughout the war, most of which was scored against the Japanese.[3] In the 21st century unmanned underwater vehicles are coming to play a significant part in underwater warfare.[4]
Seabed warfare
Seabed warfare is defined as "operations to, from and across the ocean floor."[5] In general the target of seabed warfare is infrastructure in place on the seabed such as power cables, telecom cables, or natural resource extraction systems.[6][7]
See also
References
- ^ Eckstein, Megan (8 November 2019). "Navy Undersea Warfare Priorities: Strategic Deterrence, Lethality and Networked Systems". news.usni.org. USNI. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ VANDIVER, JOHN. "Ukraine plans Black Sea bases as US steps up presence in region". www.stripes.com. Stars and Stripes. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ "Submarines in World War II (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-23.
- ^ MAKICHUK, DAVE (11 March 2020). "Silent running: China embraces undersea warfare". asiatimes.com. Asia Times. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Carr, Christopher; Franco, Jahdiel; Mierzwa, Cheryl; Shattuck, Lewis B.; Suursoo, Melissa. "SEABED WARFARE AND THE XLUUV" (PDF). calhoun.nps.edu. Naval Postgraduate School. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Glenney, Bill (4 February 2019). "THE DEEP OCEAN: SEABED WARFARE AND THE DEFENSE OF UNDERSEA INFRASTRUCTURE, PT. 1". cimsec.org. Center for International Maritime Security. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ Johnson, Bridget (22 March 2018). "Russia's 'Seabed Warfare' Could Hit Vast Networks of Underwater Communications Cables". www.hstoday.us. Homeland Security Today. Retrieved 4 March 2021.