Unnao district

Coordinates: 26°33′00″N 80°28′48″E / 26.55000°N 80.48000°E / 26.55000; 80.48000
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Unnao.

Unnao district
Vidhan Sabha constituencies
Unnao
Bangarmau
Purwa
Bhagwantnagar
Mohan
Safipur
Area
[1]
 • Total4,045.2 km2 (1,561.9 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total3,108,367
 • Density770/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
 • Urban
531,646
Demographics
 • Literacy66.37%
 • Sex ratio0.901 ♂/♀
Time zoneUTC+05:30 (IST)
Websiteunnao.nic.in

Unnao district is a

Lucknow Division
.

As of the

2011 census, Unnao district has a population of 3,108,367, making it the 31st-most populous district in Uttar Pradesh.[1] It is a predominantly rural district, with over 80% of the population living in rural areas.[1]

Unnao District is known as "The Land Of Pen and Sword" (कलम और तलवार की धरती).[citation needed]

Unnao in Epics

In

neem, banyan, peepal trees, etc. There she gave birth to sons-Kusha and Lava.Now, here is a well known temple of maa Sita, Kusha and Lava called the Janaki Kunda(meaning a place from where maa Sita went to Kshira Sagara with her spiritual mother Bhumi
) and a Shiva temple called Lodheswar.

History

Unnao district was created by the British upon their annexation of

Rae Bareli.[2] After the British takeover, the district was originally called "Purwa district" with Purwa as its headquarters.[2] This only lasted for a very short period before the headquarters were relocated to Unnao.[2]

Ancient

Xuanzang, the Chinese pilgrim to India, stayed at Kannauj for 3 months in 636 AD. From here he journeyed a distance of about 26 km and reached the city of Nafotipokulo (Navadevakula) which stood on the eastern bank of Ganga. The city was about 5 km in circumference and had a Deva Temple, several Buddhist monasteries and Stupas.

Navadevakula has been identified with Nawal, 18 miles southeast of Kannauj.[2]

After that period, this area's history is almost completely obscure, with only the traditions of the later

Rajpasis, whose capital was the city of Ramkot (now known as Bangarmau).[2] Finally, the area around Safipur was supposedly ruled by Brahmin rajas (Shukla), with Safipur originally being called "Saipur" after one of them.[2]

Medieval

In the following centuries, the Rajputs were the main ruling class in this area.

Bais ruled in the south, the Dikshits were prevalent in the central part (their family traditions call this the "kingdom of Dikhitana"), and the north was divided between several smaller clans.[2] Muslim rule was never very strong here, and so the medieval history of Unnao district is essentially a collection of separate family traditions of the ruling Rajput clans, with no specific dates given.[2]

The first major Muslim center in the region was Bangarmau, around the year 1300: according to tradition, one Sayyid Ala-ud-Din conquered the area from the raja of Nawal, then destroyed Nawal and built a new capital at Bangarmau.[2] The shrine over his grave bears an inscription with the date of 702 AH (1302 CE).[2] The next major Muslim conquest was Safipur, said to have happened in 819 AH; a different Sayyid Ala-ud-Din was killed in battle here, and his shrine is venerated by both Hindus and Muslims.[2] His son, Baha-ud-Din, is then said to have later conquered Unnao itself from the Bisen raja of the city, disguising his soldiers as women in order to take the raja's troops by surprise.[2] Other Muslim outposts included Asiwan and Rasulabad.[2]

At the time of

Daundia Khera was formed out of Unchgaon and Sidhupur by Rao Mardan Singh around 1800.[2]

Modern

There are few references to this area during the later Mughal period, but they become more numerous during under the Nawabs of Awadh.[2] The Nawabs originally maintained a strong central authority over the region, with most of the local zamindars submitting to them without putting up a fight, but gradually their authority here diminished, and the local rulers became practically independent.[2] Under the Nawabi administrative setup, the area covered by today's Unnao district was divided between several districts or chaklas: Purwa, Rasulabad, and Safipur were based here, while Sandila and Baiswara were based outside of the present district but included some of its territory.[2]

When the British annexed Awadh in 1856, they established a new district based at Purwa, but the district headquarters were relocated to Unnao soon after.

Rae Bareli district), where they became part of the tehsil of Purwa.[2] Also in 1869, the pargana of Auras-Mohan was transferred here from Lucknow district, and Mohan became the seat of a tehsil (replacing Nawabganj).[2]

Some fighting during 1857

sepoy mutiny took place in this area. Following the mutiny, the civil administration was re-established in the district which was named district Unnao, with headquarters at Unnao. The size of the district was however small until 1869, when it assumed its present form. The same year the town of Unnao was constituted a Municipality.[3]

Economy

In 2006 the

640).[4] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[4]

Unnao is a district located in the northern part of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The economy of the district is predominantly agricultural, with a significant portion of the population engaged in farming and related activities. In recent years, however, the district has also witnessed growth in other sectors, such as small-scale industries and tourism.

Agriculture is the mainstay of the economy of Unnao district, with the major crops grown being wheat, rice, sugarcane, and potatoes. The district is also known for its production of mangoes, guavas, and other fruits. Animal husbandry is another important activity in the district, with dairy farming and poultry farming being the most popular.

In addition to agriculture, Unnao district has also witnessed the growth of small-scale industries in recent years. These include manufacturing units producing items such as leather goods, glassware, and ceramics. The district is also home to a large number of small-scale agro-based industries, such as sugar mills, cotton ginning and pressing mills, and oil mills.

Tourism is another emerging sector in Unnao district, with the district having a number of historical and religious sites that attract tourists from across the country. These include the Brijghat on the banks of the river Ganga, the Shiv Temple at Shivrajpur, and the Hanuman Mandir in Nawabganj.

Overall, while agriculture remains the mainstay of the economy of Unnao district, the growth of other sectors such as small-scale industries and tourism has helped to diversify the economy and provide employment opportunities to the local population.

Divisions

Map of Unnao district's tehsils and blocks

Unnao district is divided into 6 tehsils: Unnao, Hasanganj, Safipur, Purwa, Bangarmau and Bighapur.[1] These are further subdivided into 16 community development blocks, as follows:[1]

Administration

The current elected representative from Unnao to the

Qasba of Unnao include Karowan B.K., Safipur, Neotani, Asiwan, Bangarmau, Mohaan, Magarwara, Shuklaganj, Purwa Maurawan, and Baksar
.

The district magistrate is Mrs. Apurva Dubey.[5]

The Unnao Lok Sabha Constituency had the largest number of registered voters for the 2009 Lok Sabha elections, post de-limitation, with about 1.9 million voters, making it India's largest parliamentary seat.

Member of Legislative Council

Lucknow–Unnao Constituency- Ram Chandra Pradhan (BJP, 12-Apr-2022)

Kanpur Graduate Seat- Arun Pathak (BJP, elected 23/01/2015) (Kanpur city, Kanpur Dehat and Unnao districts are represented by this seat).

Kanpur Teachers constituency-

Kanpur Dehat and Unnao
district)

Municipalities

The district has 18 statutory towns, including 3

Nagar Panchayats, as listed below:[1]

Town name Classification Tehsil Population (in 2011)
Ganj Muradabad
Nagar Panchayat
 Safipur 10,957
Bangarmau
Nagar Palika Parishad
 Safipur 44,204
Fatehpur Chaurasi
Nagar Panchayat
 Safipur 6,715
Ugu
Nagar Panchayat
 Safipur 6,318
Safipur
Nagar Panchayat
 Safipur 25,688
Kursath
Nagar Panchayat
 Safipur 6,770
Auras
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 6,466
Hyderabad
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 7,697
Rasulabad
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 7,928
Mohan
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 15,071
Nyotini
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 7,577
Nawabganj
Nagar Panchayat
 Hasanganj 11,545
Unnao
Nagar Palika Parishad
 Unnao 177,658
Gangaghat
Nagar Palika Parishad
 Unnao 84,072
Purwa
Nagar Panchayat
 Purwa 24,467
Maurawan
Nagar Panchayat
 Purwa 15,484
Bighapur
Nagar Panchayat
 Bighapur 6,501
Bhagwant Nagar
Nagar Panchayat
 Bighapur 6,995

Unnao district also has 3 census towns, which are not full municipalities but are otherwise counted as urban areas:[1]

Town name Classification Tehsil Population (in 2011)
Achalganj
Census Town
 Unnao 7,748
Katri Piper Khera
Census Town
 Unnao 26,475
Majhara Pipar Ahatmali
Census Town
 Unnao 25,310

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901976,590—    
1911910,869−0.69%
1921819,087−1.06%
1931855,657+0.44%
1941959,493+1.15%
19511,067,001+1.07%
19611,226,779+1.41%
19711,484,393+1.92%
19811,822,591+2.07%
19912,200,397+1.90%
20012,700,324+2.07%
20113,108,367+1.42%
source:[6]
Religions in Unnao district (2011)[7]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 87.89%
Islam
 
 11.69%
Other or not stated
 
 0.42%
Distribution of religions

According to the

640).[8] The district has a population density of 682 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,770/sq mi), which is lower than Uttar Pradesh as a whole.[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.19%.[8] The district's population is 82.9% rural and 17.1% urban as of 2011.[1] Unnao district has a sex ratio of 906 females for every 1,000 males, which is the 30th-highest in the state.[1] It also has a literacy rate of 66.4%, which is the 47th-highest in the state.[1] 17.10% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes make up 30.51% of the population.[8]

Languages

Languages of Unnao district (2011)[11]

  Hindi (97.59%)
  Urdu (2.25%)
  Others (0.16%)

At the time of the

2011 Census of India, 97.59% of the population in the district spoke Hindi (or a related language) and 2.25% Urdu as their first language.[11]

Languages spoken here include

Hindi continuum spoken by over 38 million people, mainly in the Awadh region.[12]

Education

The district follows the usual 10+2+3 pattern of education, as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are:

  • Adarsh Vidya Mandir(AVM), Geeta Puram, Unnao
  • Ben-Hur International School(BNIS), Akrampur, Unnao
  • Brilliant Academy Inter College(BAIC), Unnao
  • Government Inter College(GIC), Unnao
  • St. Jude's Inter College(SJIC), Pitamber Nagar, Unnao[13]
  • St. Lawrence School(SLS), PD Nagar, Unnao[14]
  • Saraswati Vidya Mandir Inter College(SVMIC), Pooran Nagar, Unnao[15]
  • Vivekanand Sarswati Shishu Mandir Inter College(VSSMIC), Moti Nagar, Unnao
  • Lucknow Public School(LPS), PD Nagar(Sector-B), Unnao
  • Lucknow Public School(LPS), PD Nagar(Sector-C), Unnao
  • Dr. Virendra Swarup Education Centre(VSEC), Akrampur, Unnao
  • Delhi Public School(DPS), Akrampur, Unnao

2013 gold treasure incident

Main article: Unnao Gold Treasure Incident

In October 2013,

1857.[16] The preliminary investigation of ASI and GSI also confirmed a non-magnetic anomalous zone occurring at 5–20 m depth indicative of possible non-conducting, metallic contents and/or some alloys.[17]

Notable personalities

Notes

  1. ^ Part of Purwa block is also in Bighapur tehsil.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Unnao, Part A (Village and Town Directory)". Census 2011 India. pp. xiii–xv, 5–11, 14, 19–20, 75, 93, 110, 135, 160, 178, 204, 237, 262, 280, 298, 323, 348, 373, 390, 416, 525–39. Retrieved 26 June 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Nevill, H.R. (1903). Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XI Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 90, 113–39, 171, 217, 240–1. Retrieved 7 April 2021.
  3. ^ "History of the District". Unnao District Website. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  4. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  5. Jagran.com
    (in Hindi). Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  6. ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
  7. ^ "Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  8. ^ a b c d "District Census Handbook: Unnao" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
  9. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011. M Mongolia 3,133,318 July 2011 est.
  10. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Iowa 3,046,355
  11. ^ a b "Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  12. ^ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Awadhi: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 28 September 2011.
  13. ^ "Know More About College". St. Jude's College. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
  14. ^ "St. Lawrence School, Unnao". St. Lawrence School. 2016. Archived from the original on 22 August 2018. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
  15. ^ "S.V.M. Inter College, Sant Pooran Das Nagar, Unnao". Facebook. 2017. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
  16. ^ "'Peepli Live' in Unnao: ASI begins hunt for 1,000-tonne 'buried treasure'". Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  17. ^ "ASI begins Excavation at Unnao in search of Gold Deposits". Retrieved 19 October 2013.
  18. ^ "अखिलेश यादव की बैठक के दौरान सपा नेता उमाशंकर चौधरी की हार्ट अटैक से मौत" [During a party meeting, Samajwadi Party leader Umashankar Chaudhary died from a heart attack]. Amar Ujala (in Hindi). 22 July 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
  19. ^ "सपा की बैठक के दौरान उमा शंकर चौधरी को हार्ट अटैक, अस्पताल में निधन" [Uma Shankar Chaudhary dies in hospital, heart attack during Samajwadi Party meeting]. Dainik Jagran (in Hindi). 23 July 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2018.

External links

26°33′00″N 80°28′48″E / 26.55000°N 80.48000°E / 26.55000; 80.48000

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