Luigi Sturzo
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Luigi Sturzo | |
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 Undated photograph | |
| Member of the Senate of the Republic | |
| Life tenure 17 September 1952 – 8 August 1959 | |
| Appointed by | Luigi Einaudi |
| Vice-Mayor of Caltagirone | |
| In office 1905–1920 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 November 1871 Caltagirone, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 8 August 1959 (aged 87) Rome, Italy |
| Political party | PPI (1919–1924) |
| Residence(s) | Rome, Italy |
| Alma mater | Pontifical Gregorian University |
| Profession | Politician, priest |
| Part of a series on |
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Luigi Sturzo (Italian pronunciation:
Life
Early years, family, education, and priesthood
Sturzo was born on 26 November 1871 in
In the late 1890s and early 1900s, Sturzo came to know Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi. In his spare time, he liked to collect antique ceramic art; while serving as the Vice-Mayor, he opened a ceramicists' school in 1918. He also founded the newspaper La Croce di Constantino in Caltagirone in 1897.[2][3] In 1900, at the same time as the Boxer Rebellion, Sturzo asked his bishop to serve in the missions in China despite the persecutions the Catholic Church was enduring there; he was denied this request on the account of his precarious state of health.[1] Since 1915, Sturzo was involved with Azione Cattolica. He was also close with Romolo Murri. Sturzo's political activism and collaboration with his colleagues prevented Giovanni Giolitti assuming power once again in 1922; this allowed for Luigi Facta to assume the prime ministership.[1]
Italian Popular Party
Sturzo was among the founders of the
Sturzo was a committed
Sturzo was not among the 14 PPI members who defected—under pressure from
Exile
Sturzo was exiled from 1924 to 1946 first in London (1924–1940) and then in the United States (1940–1946). Sturzo left Rome for London on 25 October 1924. Sturzo was consigned to a three-month educational trip in London; the choice of London was perhaps intended to isolate Sturzo because he did not speak the language and it did not contain a large population of like-minded Catholics. He moved to the residence of the Oblates of Saint Charles in
In 1926, Sturzo refused an offer from the Vatican that was communicated through Cardinal
On 22 September 1940, Sturzo boarded the Samaria in
Return, last years, and death
Sturzo set off to return to his homeland on the Vulcania on 27 August 1946 (after the 1946 Italian institutional referendum had abolished the need for a monarch) but did not have a dominant role in Italian politics after his arrival on 6 September 1946 in Naples. He instead retired to the outskirts of Rome after landing in Naples. In 1951, he founded the Luigi Sturzo Institute, which was designed to endorse research in historical science, as well as in economics and politics. He was made a member of the Senate of the Republic on 17 December 1952 and senator for life in 1953 at the behest of the then Italian president Luigi Einaudi and he obtained a dispensation from Pope Pius XII in order to accept the title.[3][2][1]
On 23 July 1959, Sturzo celebrated
Beatification cause
The beatification process for Sturzo opened under
Authorship
Sturzo was the author of several works in relation to philosophical and political thought. This included:
- Church and State (1939)
- The True Life (1943)
- The Inner Laws of Society (1944)
- Spiritual Problems of Our Times (1945)
- Italy and the Coming World (1945)
Articles
- "The Totalitarian State" (1936). Social Research. 3 (2): 222–235.
- "Sociology of the Supernatural" (1942). The American Catholic Sociological Review. 3 (4): 204–214.
- "Italian Problems in War and Peace" (1943). The Review of Politics. 5 (1): 55–81.
- "The Roman Question before and after Fascism" (1943). The Review of Politics. 5 (4): 488–508.
- "The Vatican’s Position in Europe" (1945). Foreign Affairs. 23 (2): 211–221.
- "Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister" (1946). Blackfriars. 27 (312): 87–89.
- "The Philosophic Background of Christian Democracy" (1947). The Review of Politics. 9 (1): 3–15.
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Servant of God Luigi Sturzo". Santi e Beati. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Luigi Sturzo". Britannica. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d Vincenzo Salerno (2006). "Luigi Sturzo". Best of Sicily Magazine. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ a b c d "Sturzo, Luigi (1871-1959)". Encyclopedia.com. 2006. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
- ^ "Don Luigi Sturzo, tutto pronto in Vaticano per la sua Beatificazione". Prima Pagina News. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
Bibliography
- De Grand, Alexander (1982). Italian Fascism: Its Origins & Development. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
- Delzell, Charles F. (1980). "The Emergence of Political Catholicism in Italy: Partito Popolare, 1919–1926". Journal of Church and State. 22 (3): 543–546.
- Farrell-Vinay, Giovanna (2004). "The London Exile of Don Luigi Sturzo (1924–1940)". HeyJ. XLV. pp. 158–177.
- Molony, John N. (1977). The Emergence of Political Catholicism in Italy: Partito Popolare 1919–1926.
- Moos, Malcolm (1945). "Don Luigi Sturzo—Christian Democrat". The American Political Science Review. 39 (2): 269–292.
- Murphy, Francis J. (1981) "Don Sturzo and the Triumph of Christian Democracy". Italian Americana. 7 (1): 89–98.
- Pugliese, Stanislao G. (2001). Italian Fascism and Anti-Fascism: A Critical Anthology. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
- Riccards, Michael P. (1998). Vicars of Christ: Popes, Power, and Politics in the Modern World. New York: Herder & Herder.
- Schäfer, Michael (2004). "Luigi Sturzo as a Theorist of Totalitarianism". Totalitarianism and Political Religions. 1. London: Routledge. 39–57.
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